(1)『若者の美しい姿は、その死に際に絶頂を極める。
人生の花盛りのうちに死んだ英雄である青年は、死してなお美しい。
彼は男の哀悼と、女の涙の中に生きるのだ。
戦地で死んだのだから、生前よりも神聖で、はるかに美しい』

テオグニス他西村賀子訳『エレゲイア詩集』（京都大学学術出版会、2015）の「テュルタイオス」の項を参照したが記述はなかった。現状見つかるテュルタイオスの詩の邦訳がこの書籍のみのため、ゼミ内で検討し、訳案を作成した。

 

(2)カウンタ―・マーチ

シェーカー教では、高齢の教徒が礼拝運動に参加できるように1820年代に行進(march)の動きがつくられた。 一方向に行進を続けるマーチに対して、反対の方向に進む動きをカウンター・マーチという。

出典：Stephen.J.Paterwic, Historical Dictionary of the Shakers, Scarecrow Press, 2008, p.197

”Marches were first created during the 1820s to accommodate members, especially the elderly, who could no longer perform the livelier dance steps. In contrast to dance steps that required skipping, marches were spirited pacing steps done in a continuous forward manner.”

 

(3)Cover Me with Lilocks

「Cover Me with Lilacks」というタイトルの曲は、Edward D. Andrews著『The Gift To Be Simple Songs Dances And Rituals Of The American Shakers』（J. J. Augustin Publisher, 1940）に記載されているシェーカー教の記録した曲の中では参照できなかった。

 

(4)シェーカーは暴力での解決を信じていないので、ブラザー・ベンジャミンはワシントンに多くの手紙を送り大統領に伝えていた。

シェーカー教は、教義の中で平和主義を掲げ、戦争に参加することに抵抗した。『Historical Dictionary of the Shakers』によれば、南北戦争中シェーカー教の男性が徴兵の対象になった際に、これを受けて、シェーカー教の指導者はリンカーン大統領と面会し、シェーカー教の非戦主義を主張し、シェーカー教徒は戦争への強制的な徴兵の免除を勝ち取ったと記述されている。

出典:Stephen.J.Paterwic, Historical Dictionary of the Shakers, Scarecrow Press, 2008, pp.233-234

”Their pacifism set the Shakers apart from their neighbors, especially during the War of 1812, the Mexican War, and the Civil War. The state where they were located often determined the seriousness of their confrontation with civil authorities in this regard. For example, Eunice Chapman used her influence in New York to help stir up anti-Shaker feeling, and the believers’ pacifism provided a very convenient target upon which to vent anger and jealousy. If the proposed anti-Shaker laws had been implemented, believers would have been forced to serve or face serious consequences. In the end, the Shakers were spared the fines or imprisonment until the Civil War. During that war, a national draft was instituted and eligible Shaker men were called up to register. Shakers refused to serve, hire substitutes, or pay any fines that
supported war, and Shaker leaders had to meet with President Lincoln personally to resolve the situation. They pointed out to him that tens of thousands of dollars in military pensions had not been collected by Shakers who were veterans. Most of this dated from the time of the Revolutionary War. Scores of men who would later be Shakers had served in this conflict and renounced their pensions after they joined the Shakers. The leaders did not threaten Lincoln that they might want to collect such funds but rather that it showed how seriously the Shakers had always been about pacifism. Lincoln granted an indefinite furlough to all Shaker men who had been conscripted.
The last time the Shakers had to contend with such issues was in 1917 when Alexander Petti ff ( 1894-left 1922) of Hancock was called up for the draft in connection with the Great War. Elder Walter Shepherd of the Central Ministry provided the authorities with documentation that the Shakers were pacifists. This ended the matter and Petti ff was not compelled to serve.”